Association of Diabetes with history of inherited diabetes

Background: Type-II Diabetes is a major global health risk and is often associated with genetic inheritance of diabetes

Objectives: The aim of the study was to identify whether an association exists between family history of diabetes and suspected cases of diabetes

Material and methods: Cross sectional study conducted in screening camps from 19[th] till 24[th] February 2018

Setting: 56 public sector health facilities of Faisalabad and Nankana Sahib

Data collection and Analysis: 55,080 people of district Faisalabad and Nankana Sahib, age 25 and above were screened for diabetes by blood glucose level test. People with BSR>/=200mg/dl were labelled screened positive for diabetes. People with BSR<200mg/dl were categorized as Normal. Family history of any family member having diabetes was taken for all participants. The members of the family only included immediate blood relations like mother, father, brother, sister and grandparents. Data was entered in SPSS v.23 for analysis. Frequency distribution and percentage were calculated for age, gender, screening for diabetes and family history of diabetes. Chi square was used as a test of significance for association between family history and diabetes

Results: 55,080 people aged 25 and above were screened for diabetes. 2,855 people were screened positive for diabetes. 67.9 percent were females and 32.1 percent were males. Mean age was 43+/-12.61 years. In Normal category, 90.3 percent people had no family history of diabetes in their family while 9.7 percent reported positive family history. In screened positive for diabetes category, 64.7 percent people did not report any history of diabetes in their family where as 35.3 percent reported having positive family history. The association between diabetes and family history was found to be statistically significant

Conclusion: Risk of diabetes is associated with a positive family history of diabetes. Screening for early detection should be performed regularly for people with positive genetic risk of diabetes to ensure prevention and control of complications

Management of crown-root fracture - a case report

This case report describes the management of an oblique crown-root fracture of maxillary left lateral incisor. After removal of the fractured fragment, endodontic treatment, the remaining tooth was provisionally restored. The tooth was then orthodontically extruded by 3 mm to raise the defect supraginigivally. Periondontal fibres were cut with a surgical blade. A metallic screw type post was inserted in the root and core was built with composite restoration. Porcelain fused to metal crown was fitted over the core built up. This case report demonstrates that a multidisciplinary treatment approach to an oblique subgingival crown-root fracture is a reliable and predictable option to save a tooth